Elastic and expansible paving joint



A. c. FISCHER ELASTI6 A ND EXPANSIBLE PAVING. JOINT Feb. 22, 17927.

' Original Filed Julys. 1929 G i uffi/25T.

Reissued'- Feb. 22,- 1927. Re.' UNI-TED STATES i' PAT-ENT: OFFICE.

Erasmo ANiJ E'xrANsIBLE :PAVING Jonv'r.'

Original No. 1,503,942, dated Aug-ust 5,192.4, Serial No. 393,801, led July 3, 1920. `Application for reissue filed August 3, 192,6. 'Serial No.126,909.

My invention relates to improvements in means permitting expansion and compensatlng for contraction of street paving. Hereb sections of paving, an asphaltietiller or one built up in layers of asphaltic material placed between layers of saturated felt, or a mastic body of felt compounded and saturated with a waterproofing material which was constructed in slabs or board-like strips,

. to be placed between bricks,curbs, concrete blocks and other structural material.

One diiculty-experienced inthe use of many of these expedients has been that when the'strip' is laid in the fall, or if through any chance kfrost nds its way' under the strip,

the strip will be raised, sometimes Aas much as several inches, and in some instances almost entirely expelled by the kfrost lunder the concrete. This is made possible by the fact that when the concretecontra'cts the materialy of. the joint does `not expand to the width of the opening in which it was iirst inserted. The result is that considerable of the material is lost and its purpose defeated.

Moreover, thev volatile oils with which the joint is saturated leave the waterproofing brittle, and dried out condition and no longer has the elastic effect which it had when first installed. Under such conditions the felt even deteriorates andy rots, lleaving a powdery substance in its place. This is due to the fact that the street often reaches a temperature as high as 140 degrees at which considerable of the volatile oils in the asphaltic material necessarily evaporate, the felt'being a great conserver of heat and-the asphaltic material saturated therein holding heat considerably longer than the concrete or paving material does. VAnother condition to bel met is that when the concrete paving expands it often ueezes out the contents of -the joint, and tra c wears it away until the no longer fills up the space which was at iii-st occupied by the joint, and Weather and elements are free to enter.

My invention consists in an expansion interlocking fibres, .such as mineral wool, asbesticsiibre, or the like, having-(insulating propertiesP and which is proof against street tofore it has been the practice to use, between.

material, so that it deteriorates to a hard,

' material which was originally used as a filler joint having a ow retarding homogeneous v reinforcement comprising` a felted mat-.with

acids and rotting processes, saturated in a waxy or paraiiinous waterproofing compound and thoroughly compressed into a block-` like structure, preferably wedge shaped with the base of the wedge at the bottom of the strip, the upper part of the strip or slab being further immersed in an asphaltic Waterproofing compound which gives it a solid but pliantv consistency for several inchesdownward from the top of thc joint, leaving the base light in Weight and composed only of the fibres coated and compressed with a waterprooting'material, which is light in structure and yields by compression to pressure from below instead of rising out of its seat, and tlius remains in place under the, adverse conditions oi use. I thus create a jointwvhich is less than half the weight of the solid joint as now being placed upon the market, and more durable in use than such joint. My improved paving-joint, under the 'conditions named, will wedge more tightlyv into place instead of working out. It is constructed of material which is resistant to `temperatures of the hottest possible Weather,

disclosed, by way of illustration, in the acvcompanying drawings.

Figure 1 represents a joint packing of rectangular section made of fibrous material, with 'a crown thoroughly immersed in asphaltic material -while hot, giving it a tough wearing surface and sealing head.

Figure 2 shows a joint packing composed of fibrous material along the sides of a saturated piece of felt and with a crown of asphaltic fibrous material giving'irmness to the joint. l l

Figure I3 shows a joint acking comprising built-up layers of dried rous material saturated with light waterproofing material and having a crown of heavy Waterproofing.

Figure 4 shows a joint packingcompris- I ing an entire fibrous body immersed in -a light waterproofing material, which does not addinaterially to its weight.

Figure 5 shows joint packing of wedge shaped section, having a crown of solid asphaltic matteil which has been absorbed by the porous body of the fibrous matter.

F igure 6 shows a section with flaring base to prevent working up of the joint.

Figure 7 shows a joint packing having a double wedge section which prevents the working up of the joint without developing any overhang in the concrete or weakening the thickness of the paving on either side.

j Figure 8 shows how wedge shaped joint packmgs may bepa-cked without causing the bituminous matter on the crowns to adhere together.

f construction surfaces and illustrates how the 'of the traffic, yet

crown adapts itself to the top of the crevice, the resiliency of the base allowing the crown to spring down and lock with the pressure presenting a wearing surface to the traffic.

Figure 12 illustrates the form of Figure 7 in use; and

Figure 13 represents the -form of Figure 5' 1n use.

In all the figures, A represents the body of the packing which is made of asbestos.| mineral wool, or equivalent light fibre, mean-- ing any light fibre having length giving thereto interlockability, as distinguished from granular substances such as cork, sand, tan-bark, which act as fillers merely and have nofinherent properties in building up the joint structure, felted together and saturated with paraffin, or its equivalent, for the purposes hereinabove described. will be formed of a section suitable to fill the space between paving members X, vY, Figures 11, 12, and 13, of such thickness that it can yield to the approach of the paving members when they expand under heat, and of'such inherent elasticity that it will expand and continue to fill the packing space even though the paving members draw apart under contraction. The body is also such that pressure exerted vertically upon it, from either below (as in case of frost) or above `(as from traffic) will be absorbed in the inherent compressibility of the body instead. of displacing the body.

The head or upper portion B is immersed ih asphaltic material of such consistency as to provide a substantial pliable envelope, and

rIhe body j render the upper portion compressible and ducf'ile to the extent'of adapting itself to the pzu'king opening, filling and sealing the same, and spreading out and presenting a resistant portion of the street surface under the traffic which it encounters.

Thebody preferably has its side lines so i delveloped that it enlarges downwardly from Figures 7 to A12 to resist vertical displace-.

ment in either direction. With the wedging lines, vertical pressure tends to tighten the packing in its seat.

Under the pressure of traffic, the asphaltenveloped' head spreads as suggested in Figures 11, 12, and 13, seals the joint, and presents a tough wearing surface to traffic.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the surface of myvnew joint will meet the unusual condition which is demanded of it,

will always present a. filling for the crevice, and will not be subject to the conditions that a. solid asphaltic orboardllike felt joint is U' subject to. While of fibrous nature, it not subject to rotting process. The shape of the joint and its inherent structure save it from 1the fluid consistency which an asphaltic joint ras. l

. The great value of my improved expansion joint, as differing from the expansion joints `disclosed inthe prior art, resides in the internal .structure ofvinterlocked fibres, which form an internal mat structure within the joint, which adds strength, body, and resists "and flowing of the binder, and which is of such a structure that it will stand up as u fibre mat even aftervthe binder has been removed therefrom.

- To avoid any possible confusion in the foregoing description, as to the meaning of 'the term saturated, I Wish to call attention 4to the fact that I have not used this termsaturated-to convey the idea that the fibres of the mineral wool or asbestos are saturated. As a matter of fact` it would be i111-,

possible to saturate mineral wool or asbestos fibres, but when the same are felted. the.

`would desire to produce a very much lighter structure, I would use the waterproofing substance in a very much thinner consistency so Athat the surplus would drain off' and thus leave unfilled interstices between the fibres.

-This would give me a cellular structure.

Should I desire to produce a cellular structure but with the fibres more' closely com# pacted, I would express the surplus saturaiit and thus leave a cellular structure with .the fibres more closely compacted.

I have discovered that mineral Wool fibres are cellular consequently I think it best to make somedistinction between a. structure in whichl the cells` are derived.4 from leaving interstitces between the fibres when same are felted and a structure in which the fibres themselves are cellular. In this connection, I call attentionto the vfact that by using 'mineral wool fibres which are cellular I may still produce` a cellular ,structure and at the same time fill the interstices between the fibres in the matted mass. On the other hand, if I. did not fill the interstices between the fibres andthe`matted mass I would increase the vcells in the structure so that a very highly compressible matted structure would be produced. With these conclusions it will beseenthat by using mineral wool and a goodly quantity of waterproofing substance such as asphalt, I can produce a more or less solid structure and at the same time takeadvantage of the cells in the mineral Wool to develop 'a more or less high degree of compresibility'and `expansibility- .On the other hand, by using a very light waterroofinnr saturant I can increase this compressibility and expansibility by simply matting the fibres together and leaving the interstices t develop the cell structure, and

also take advantage of thecell inthe fibres themselves.

I claim: y i 1. An expansion joint comprising a matlike felted .strip of fibrous material having a waterproof crown `along an edge thereof. -2. An expansion joint composed of compressible .uneral fibrous matter having cells or pores, 'and having the upper portion y. thereof composed of a1substantially solid' mass of asp altic or bituminous substance penetrated into the fibrous structure and forming thereon a solid nonfiuid head...-

3. A packing fory paving joints, composed of fibrous material coated with a relatively light waterproofing material which does not add materially toits weight, said ycoated fibrous material being felted into a cellular mass.

4. A. packing for paving joints, composed of fibrous material coated with' .a relativelyp light waterproofing materialwhich does not add materially to its weight, lsaid coated fibrous material being felted into a plurality of layers of cellular structure, and said layers being assembled in the packing. Y

5. A packing for paving joints, comprising felted fibrous material built up in layers, immersed in a waterproofing material, and having a crownconsisting of heavy asphaltic material.

. 6. A packing for, paving joints comprising a heavy saturated felt with sides of lightly felted fibrous material, -waterproofed and crowned with a solid asphaltic material.

7. A fibrous material waterproofed with. a waterproofing substance which does not add materially toits weight, and having a crownof bituminous matter imparting a tough resilience to the crown.

8. A mineral fibrous matte lightly pressed into an air cell structure, 'adhered with a w'axy or parafiinous waterproofing material which does not add materially to its weight. A

9./A joint packing consisting of fibrous material formed into alight cellular structure, and having a portion thereof jacketed `,with a ductile vsubstance'that renders it tough and resilient.

10. A joint paving constructed of a com.- pressive 4body andy felted fibrous material adapted to enter between sections of paving and having its portion which is adjacent to the surface Vof the paving'iwhen in use, filled with asphaltic or bituminous substance which converts it into a ysubstantially solid mass.

I11. A Hpreformed strip of ex ansion joint, comprising a mixture of inter ocking. fibres yand .a waterproof-binder, said fibres being' 'coated bythe binder vand compacted into a cellular strip, the cellsi inf'saidstrip existing between thexcoated fibres.

12. A composite expansion yjoint in preformed form comprising interlocked fibres coated by a waterproof binder, air spaces being formed between the coated fibres.

13.'A preformed expansion joint, the

main body of which comprises ay single,

homogeneous mass of .interlocking fibres, said fibres having been previously coated with a waterproofing material.

14. Avprefo'rmed wedge shaped expansion joint, the main body of which comprises a single, homogeneous mass of interlocking" fibres, said fibres having been previously coated with a waterproofing material.

15. A preformed expansion joint,` the main body of which comprises a single, homogeneous mass of interlocking fibres. said fibres having been previously coated with a 'waterproofing' material, said joint.

having a coating of a hard waterproofing material.

16..,A preformed expansion joint, the

.mainl body of which comprises a single, vhomogeneous mass of interlockingI fibres pressed into a. block-like structure, said fibres having been previously coated with a waterproofing material.

17,'A preformed expansion joint, the

main body of which comprises a' single, homogeneous mass of interlocking fibres, said fibres having been previously saturated and coated with a Waterproofing binder.

18. A preformed Wedge shaped eXpansion joint, the main body of Which comprises a single, homogeneous mass of interlocking fibres, said fibres having been previously coated with a Waterproofing material, said joint having a tough duct-ile crown. j

19. A preformed expansion joint, the

I being made up main body of Which comprises a, single, homogeneous mass of interlocking fibres, said fibres having been previously coated with a. Waterproofing material, said joint having a tough Waterproofing crown.

20. A preformed expansion joint, the main body of whichl comprises a single, homogeneous mass of interlocking fibres, said fibres having been previously coated with a Waterproofing material, said joint in layers.

ALB'ERT C.v FISCHER. 

